Meltdowns vs Shutdowns

Meltdowns and shutdowns are two common ways the nervous system might respond when someone is overwhelmed — emotionally, mentally, or sensorily. These responses are especially common in autistic and ADHD experiences, but can happen in anyone.

They’re not “bad behaviour” or immaturity — they’re the body’s way of saying “this is too much.”

What’s a Meltdown?

A meltdown is an outward release of pressure. It might look intense from the outside, but it’s not a choice — it’s a full-body reaction to overload.

It might involve:

• Crying, shouting, or panic
• Pacing or hitting
• Stimming more intensely
• Verbal outbursts or feeling “out of control”

It’s not attention-seeking. It’s release.

What’s a Shutdown?

A shutdown is an inward withdrawal. The body and brain might freeze, slow down, or disconnect to protect against further input.

It might look like:

• Going completely quiet or unresponsive
• Hiding or withdrawing from others
• Physically still or frozen
• Not being able to speak or move easily

It’s not rudeness or avoidance. It’s retreat.

Both are valid. Both are real. And both are ways the nervous system tries to cope with too much happening, too fast, for too long.

Recognising these patterns — in yourself or others — can help reduce shame and create more space for recovery, rest, and support.