Monotropism

Monotropism is a theory that describes how some people — particularly autistic individuals — tend to focus their attention deeply on one or two things at a time.

Instead of spreading focus across many areas (which is called polytropism), a monotropic brain “tunes in” tightly. It creates depth, intensity, and often passion — but can also make switching gears, balancing tasks, or coping with interruptions more difficult.

Monotropism might look like:

• Becoming fully absorbed in a single task or interest
• Struggling to change attention when something is unfinished
• Feeling overwhelmed when too many things are happening at once
• Needing extra time to shift between activities, environments, or ideas

This focus isn’t a flaw. It’s often a strength — one that can lead to rich knowledge, creativity, or meaningful work.

Monotropism also helps explain things like:

• Special interests
• Hyperfocus
• Difficulty with transitions
• Emotional intensity when attention is broken

It’s not officially part of diagnostic criteria, but it’s one of the most resonant and respected ways autistic people have described how their minds actually work — from the inside.

Understanding monotropism can help people create environments that support flow, reduce overload, and honour the unique way their brain engages with the world.